Thursday, April 11, 2013

Adventures in Greece! Spring break 2013 in 3 parts.

Part 1: Crete
Felix and I spent a delightful week on Crete the last week in March. Low season for tourists, we discovered a lot of empty beaches and hiking trails. The weather was warm and sunny, but not too hot to explore ruins and gorges at mid-day. We flew into Hiraklion and stayed at the Park Hotel, on the quiet west end of town. 
We went to Bali our second day on Crete and hiked out onto a little peninsula to watch the sun set. 

Crete is incredible because it has huge snow-capped mountains which fall very steeply into the sea. Bali was a little village tucked on the shore, with Mount Ida looming just to the south. It's over 2400m tall! We found a little road on the map which wound up the side of the mountain and went exploring. At the end of the road, we came to a path. The path lead to a cave, which we explored - turns out, it's the very cave Zeus was raised in after his mother, Rhea, hid him from his father, Cronus. Cronus, unfortunately, ate his other children so they would not kill him, so Rhea had the gumption to hide Zeus so he also would not be eaten. But don't worry, Zeus ended up getting his siblings out of Cronus alive and well. Gods can do things like that, you know. 
Felix in Zeus' cave on Mount Ida, Crete

A windy, chilly view from the cave mouth on Mount Ida, Crete.


We also explored the Akrotiri Penninsula just east of Chania. We also followed a lonely looking road on the map and found ourselves at Monti Gouvernetou, high on a ridge overlooking the sea. A trail lead down to a narrow inlet and we followed it along. We reached a rustic chapel built in the mouth of a cave. The bare whitewashed floors and walls were rough but maintained, the walls were covered with religious icons. A bell hung from the entrance of the cave and a 1.5m water catchment pool was built just inside the entrance. We originally thought it was some type of pulpit. 
The mouth of the cave with the chapel on the left and the water catchment in the center with a 2m stalagmite which looked like a monk in prayer before it. 

Water collected from dripping stalactites. 

We continued hiking down into the gorge, towards the sea, and came across the entrance to another cave. This one also had a shrine at it's mouth, but it was much simpler. We explored the beginning rooms of the cave and found a mysterious white string leading to other rooms. We followed the string deeper into the cave and climbed through 6 or 7 large rooms. Every time we thought we were at the end, the cave opened up into another large room. 
 You can just barely see the white string running to the left of my left hand in this picture. 

Lots of stalactites and stalagmites - you can't see here, but where the cave turns black, it drops a story and opens into a large cathedral-sized room. 

The string did finally end in a small room with a stalactite hanging from the side of the wall, covered in religious icons and metal crosses. There were a dozen water bottles filled with an amber fluid and stubs of bees wax candles...creepy! 

After the cave, we continued down the trail and found the ruins of an few buildings with a bridge built across a narrow ravine. Of course, there was a tiny chapel built into the rock face! 
Felix on the bridge.

 We made it to the inlet! 

A quiet sanctuary at the tip of the Akrotiri Peninsula, Crete. 

Our hike back up to the Monti Gouvernetou monastery.

 Loved the multi-layers of rock at this beach at the NW end of the Akrotiri Peninsula, Crete.

 Enjoyed the beautiful little harbor in Chania, blue sky breakfast with snow-capped mountains behind. 

 The harbor in Chania, Crete. 
 Chania has been inhabited by people since the Minoan period almost 5,000 years ago! Old ruins falling apart next to recently built apartments, the two blending into each other. So many nooks and crannies for cozy outdoor cafes!

The view along the Gramvoussa Peninsula, hanging off the far northwestern edge of Crete. Lots of sheep and tiny white chapels.


 Belos beach, on the western coast of the Gramvoussa Peninsula. A steep but beautiful hike down to the beach. Gramvoussa Island, the big rock in the picture, has a wide sand spit which almost touches the opposite shore, but not quite. We crossed over to the island by hopping along the rocks which create a natural break wall, just barely visible in the left of this picture.  We swam across the channel on our way back - a bit treacherous!  We were alone besides a pair of fishermen and a lot of scaredy-sheep.

 Belos beach, Crete
 A view of Geroskinos Mountain from Gramvoussa Island, near Belos Beach, Crete.

Gramvoussa Island, Crete

 We were lucky to watch the full moon rise over the ocean as we made our way back down Gramvoussa Peninsula at dusk. 

 Based on our map, the main road from Paleohora to Elofonisi beach seemed to go wayyyyyy out of the way. We decided to take the shorter secondary road. Turned out to be a narrow gravely road which wound up the side of a mountain and then down, so steep my mother would disapprove. The road here makes a 180 degree turn and the edge drops off hundreds of meeters...good view of Elafonisi Island, though!


 Elafonisi Island, Crete. Great place to spend a sunny, warm afternoon. 

 We found a delightful little place to stay in Paleohora called Haris Studios, right on the water, with a great cafe next door that made the best yogurt I have ever eaten in my life. Thick and creamy greek yogurt without a hint of tang, mixed with fresh fruit and drizzled with local honey. We stayed for a few days and ate a lot of yogurt and fresh fish caught by the owner. We went for a hike to the next beach east of Paleohora along a rocky costal road. This beach was hardly the "sandy beach" the sign advertised, but was beautiful and isolated none-the-less. 
 Olive tree ready for grafting, found on a walk near Paleohora.

Imbros gorge - a great 18km hike starting in Imbros, Crete.

 Imbros gorge, Crete
 A peaceful breakfast with yogurt and honey, fresh squeezed orange juice, and individual french-press coffee (awwwww!). Plakias, Crete. 
 Knossos, an ancient minoan palace with 1,000 rooms, built around 1900 BC. Sir Arthur Evans purchased the land around 1900 and spent 35 years uncovering it and reconstructing parts. This dolphin fresco is a copy found in the queen's main room. Makes you wonder how much Evans got right and how much he made up because he liked it. 

Part 2: Meteora

After a week, Felix and I flew to Athens. Felix continued back to Frankfurt and I met up with Mom and continued exploring the mainland of Greece. We first headed north up to Meteora, about 4 hours north of Athens near a village called Kampaka. The little town is surrounded by towering rock formations with monasteries perched on their peaks. Really beautiful landscape. Greek orthodox monks still live in the monasteries, although now I think they are interrupted quite often by people coming to visit!

Our breakfast perch in Meteora. We had yogurt with honey and walnuts, of course!

Ladies were required to wear a skirt to visit the monasteries, and since the early morning air was still pretty chilly, we layered ours with pants. I am quite sure the monks found nothing tempting in this pair of fashion statements! Agios Nikolas Monastery. 
Varlaam Monastery. Exploring the monasteries of Meteora felt more like my idea of Tibet, than mainland Greece!
Agios Trios Monastery, Meteora

Part 3: Peloponnese Peninsula 

Chelsea and Dave joined us upon our return to Athens and the four of us headed south to the lovely, quiet Peloponnese Peninsula. We stayed in the little town of Nafplio, which is where a lot of greeks from Athens come for the weekend. We stayed in the Acronafplia pension in the old town, a really lovely spot, and spent a few days exploring the area.
Enjoying fresh oranges, olives, and local wine (which we bought in a plastic water bottle from the lady at the food market) at the rocky Arvanita beach in Nafplio. 
Chelsea and mom take a dip at Arvanita Nafplio. 
The sun sets on the Peloponnese Peninsula.
Sunset from the Akronafplioa, an old fort near Nafplio. 
Little swimming lanes built into a sheltered spot near the port of Nafplio.

We explored Mycenea, the ancient "fortified palace complex" just north of Nafplio, built during Mycenean times (1700BC - 1100BC). These dates amaze me. I though Ankor Wat in Cambodia was old, but it was constructed in 1200 AD. I was also really impressed by the Roman Forum, but that was built around 27 BC. The Minoan civilization on Crete (Knossos) actually predates the Myceneans (2700BC - 1500BC), but is on par with ancient egyptian civilization and the Xia dynasty in China. Amazing. 
We explored the ancient steps leading down into a cistern where the water was kept. Mycenea. 
Clay animals, made almost 4,000 years ago in Mycenea.

We also explored Acrocorinth, located at the northeast edge of the Peloponnese Peninsula. This hill-top fortress was once part of the largest Roman townships and has been utilized by every controlling power since Roman times including the Turks, Franks, and Byzantinians. Crumbling mosques and basic minarets stand beside rough foundations of churches in this relatively small area. 
Mom and Chelsea on the walls of Acrocorinth. Like Crete, the Peloponnese Peninsula has an impressive number of snow-covered peaks and quaint little fishing villages and more orange fields that you can shake a stick at. 

\
Chelsea in an old mosque in Acrocorinth.

How have those stones stayed put for so many centuries?

Of course we had to visit the Acropolis in Athens. We spent a surprisingly windy afternoon visiting the Parthenon and petting stray cats. 
Dave, Chelsea, and Mom check out the Parthenon in all it's glory.
Finding our way to the Acropolis.
A cute little neighborhood below the Acropolis - The historical, symbolic flag of the Acropolis flies high above the city to the left. 
Our hotel, the Metropolis, picked randomly on hotels.com, turned out to have the best view of the Acropolis in the whole city! What a way to spend the last evening! What a trip, thanks Felix, Mom, Chelsea and Dave! 

Tuesday, March 12, 2013

Italy with Chelsea and Dave

Dave, Chelsea, and I took a week-long trip to Italy in February, starting in Rome and heading up to Siena and Florence. 

**Rome**

We stayed in the extra apartment of an architect who Chelsea knows on Ville de Trastavere on the west side of the city. Every morning, we crossed this beautiful bridge over the Tiber to walk into the heart of Rome. We spent 3 days wandering the streets, eating mind-boggling pasta, and sampling wine. The weather was sunny and warm in the beginning of the trip, and there were very few tourists at this time of year so we never had to wait in lines - a real treat! Favorite bar in Trastevere: Ambre Rosse. Favorite dinner: artichoke soup, "not bread", and pasta at El Gildo. Best pizza: Forno Camp de' Fiori #22 in the Piazza Camp de' Fiori. 

The Trevi fountain with Neptune and his charriot - a nice place to enjoy gelato at dusk! 

The Roman Forum - built over 2,000 years ago. I was really impressed by the ancient architecture and the building techniques that were forgotten for 1,000 years after the fall of Rome. At one low point history, the Forum was neglected and turned into a cow pasture. So much remaining and yet so much lost! 
The Colluseum - built in AD 80 in under 10 years! There were 80 elevators which lifted the gladiators and animals up from the holding areas below. So much cruelty.
The Carabinieri take their job seriously here! 

We visited Vatican City. Wandered through the museum along massive corridors impressively painted. I couldn't help but think where all that money goes on Sundays once it leaves the hands of the people who worked so hard to get it. Fascinating paintings of regions of Italy flanking the walls of one hallway. 

St. Peter's Basillica. The bronze of the baldachin was pillaged from the roof of the Pantheon in the 1600s. 
Renaissance sculptures in St. Peter's Basillica - big, expressive hands, callused toes, faces full of expression. Spilling over doorways, gesturing, leaning, looking, pointing from the corners. Life. Flowing gowns made from stone, blowing in the wind, moving with the person, sleeves rolled up, wrinkled sandal straps. Great sculptures - how many people in the world still produce art like this by hand? 
St. Peter's Basillica

St. Peter's Basillica


**Florence**
We took the bus from Rome to Siena - 2 hours, a lovely trip through the countryside. Siena was a thriving city between 1260-1348. With a population of 60,000, it was larger than Paris. Then the Black Death came and killed many inhabitants, Florence invaded, and Siena never recovered enough to do a lot of rebuilding. Most of the buildings and the Duomo, all built on the top of a hill, date back to the time when Siena flourished and there were many nooks and crannies to explore.  Best dinner: Osteria Boccon del Prete (on via S. Pietro #17) - 3 ages of pecorino cheese, a mustard jam, and homemade walnut bread, ragou with pasta, gnocchi with lemon sauce and seabream. Dessert was orange cream with a crispy sugar glaze. Wow! 

The Duomo looming tall over Siena. 
I particularly liked gothic Duomo of Siena because of it's stripes! 



 They were planning to build onto the church, but the plague hit and then Florence invaded and they never got around to it. The giant wall they started in the 1300's still remains. 


 Elaborate marble floor in Siena's Duomo. The center depicts Remus and Romulus and their foster wolf mother. 
 Best snack: Fried rice-dough balls made with orange extract, crispy on the outside, gooey on the inside. Purchased from the stand in Il Campo and dusted in sugar before being wrapped in paper. We ate them quite a few times standing in Il Campo, the sloping piazza before the castle-like town hall. The Palio di Siena is a horserace run twice a year around this piazza - bareback jockys representing the 17 districts within the city. A horse may even if it's jocky falls off (which seems to happen a lot). 
 Coffee of a different style – macchiato served by a barrista in a suit, taken standing up at the bar.

**Florence**
We left Siena on Thursday morning and caught a bus to Florence. We spent the weekend exploring the Galileo Museum, Ponte Vecchio bridge, the Duomo, Piazzale Michelangelo, and the Uffizi.

 We also met up with Coral, Chelsea and Dave's American friend who is living in Florence and learning about wine and Italian food. We met her at her local Saturday market along with Daniella, who came down from Torino (in the area) on the train for the weekend. We all shopped for bread and vegetables and cheeses and headed back to Coral's house to do some cooking. We were snacking on this green bean quiche treat as we met Daniella and Coral.

Making pasta dough at Coral's, stirring the water slowly into the flour.

Daniella making a wonderful salad: fennel bulbs, pecorino cheese, cured meat, olive oil.
Coral rolls out the ravioli dough.
Hand-made ravioli with ricotta-parmesan-spinach filling. Does life get much better?

Tuscan-style bread, baked with no salt.
 Great times in Cora's kitchen! Coral, Dave, Chelsea, and Daniella.
Thanks for visiting, Daniella! It was great to see you and hear about all of your adventures! 

**Domes and arches**
 I got really excited about the domes and basilicas around Rome, Florence, and Siena, and how they are so interrelated.
 The Basilica of Maxentius, in the Roman Forum in Rome, was built in the 800s and was, at the time, the largest structure in the Roman world. Unlike other Basilicas at the time, it had giant arches instead of columns holding up the roof. These 3 barrel vaults are all that is left, although there were another set of 3 on the other side with 3 groin vaults in between - a massive structure, even by today's standards. You can see the octagonal ceiling coffers still used in much more recently built structures - like St. Peter's Basilica
 St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City has the same basic layout as the Basilica of Maxentius. St. Peter's was completed in 1626, 800 years after Maxentius, at the height of the Renaissance You can se the barrel valuts supporting the over-arching groin vaults and theoctagonal ceiling coffers in the smaller barrel vaults. Michaelangelo helped design the structure when he was in his 70's.
St. Peter's Basilica has the tallest dome in the world. Michaelangelo and other architects looked towards the Pantheon, built in Roman times, and the Duomo in Florence, to complete the dome in 1547.

 The Pantheon's dome was built in 126 AD and was an incredible feat of engineering at the time. The top is open and rain comes in. After the fall of Rome, Europeans didn't build another dome so great until the Duomo in Florence. 

 The Pantheon is a huge dome, but relatively low to the ground compared to the Duomo in Florence.
 The gothic-style Duomo in Florence was built beginning in 1296. They didn't have the technology to complete the dome at the time, so they left it open until 1436 and built a dome based on the Pantheon's dome following Brunelleshi's plans. This dome towers over the city, was built in 14 years, and was an inspiration for the dome of St. Peter's Basilica. This dome much more technical to build than the Pantheon's because of it's height - no internal scaffolding, starting from the floor, could be used.

Vasari painted the dome in Florence's Duomo in 1570. He borrowed heavily from Michelangelo's Last Judgement in the Sistine Chapel (painted in 1508-12 before his work in 1547 on St. Peter's Basilica - wow, so many dates! ) but Michelangelo's work outshines Vasari's to an incredible degree. 

The Duomo in Florence's dome is actually 2 domes with space between them to save weight. You can climb the stairs to the top of the dome and get a view of Florence - the stairs wind their way between the 2 domes. 

 The dome in Siena's Duomo.